USAMOS EL PRESENTE PERFECTO CUANDO ESPECIFICAMOS EL TIEMPO EN EL QUE LA ACCIÓN COMENZÓ (SINCE) .SE ENTIENDE QUE LA ACCIÓN TERMINA EN EL PRESENTE.
I have sung in the choir since 2012 (now I'm still singing there) USAMOS EL PRESENTE PERFECTO CUANDO HABLAMOS DE UN PERIODO DE TIEMPO ESPECÍFICO PERO INDETERMINADO EN EL PASADO (FOR).SE ENTIENDE QUE LA ACCIÓN TERMINA EN EL PRESENTE I have sung in the choir for hours
EN AMBOS CASOS EL MOMENTO EXACTO (FECHA EXACTA) NO LA SABEMOS.
PARA ESO USAMOS EL PASADO SIMPLE I only sang in the choir during three weeks on September (2017)----cuando el año no se especifica, es el más cercano.
TRUCO : una frase en presente perfecto en inglés se puede traducir al español usando el presente simple
I have sung in the choir since 2012 "canto en el coro desde el 2012"
RECUERDA QUE: EL LUGAR DE LOS MARCADORES DE TIEMPO ES MUY CONCRETO EN LA FRASE:
EVER, NEVER, ALREADY Y JUST ..........DELANTE DEL PARTICIPIO
YET..... NOT YET..................... AL FINAL
SINCE / For.............................AL FINAL DENTRO DE UN COMPLEMENTO DE TIEMPO
ALREADY se puede poner al final de la frase con valor enfático
YET SE UTILIZA EN FRASES NEGATIVAS E INTERROGATIVAS
Have you finished your homework yet?
(¿No habéis terminado la tarea aún/todavía?)
(¿Habéis terminado la tarea ya?)
El valor de la pregunta es negativo en ambos idiomas.
La respuesta que se espera es la afirmativa
No, We haven't finished it yet
( Aún/ todavía no la hemos terminado)
SI LA INTERROGATIVA ADEMÁS ES NEGATIVA, DE LA PREGUNTA DEDUCIMOS QUE EL HABLANTE ESPERA QUE LA ACCIÓN SE HAYA REALIZADO YA:
Haven't you finished it yet?
( ¿Aun no lo habéis terminado?)
CUANDO LA ACCIÓN ACABA DE PASAR, O AÚN TIENE VALOR, ESTÁ LIGADA AL PRESENTE, USAMOS PRESENTE PERFECTO.
CUANDO LA ACCIÓN YA SE HA DADO POR FINALIZADA USAMOS PASADO SIMPLE
RECUERDA: Los participios de pasado terminados en ED tienen tres posibles pronunciaciones
There are some basic rules that you have to follow when you use MODAL VERBS Modal verbs are verbs such as CAN MUST SHOULD MAY COULD .....
1. NO USE OF AUXILIARY VERBS
I can run I can't run can I run ?
2. NO -S /-ES ENDING when preceeded by HE, SHE or IT
I can run she can run
3. ALWAYS FOLLOWED BY AN INFINITIVE VERB
I can run I can't run Can I run?👍👍
You must remember the rulesof the verb TO BE to form the affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences. The only thing you have to remember is the third rule of the modals (always followed by an infinitive)
These rules do not apply with the SEMIMODAL VERBS
The semimodal verbs are those verbs formed by two words:
HAVE TO NEED TO OUGHT TO
These verbs follow the third rule, but not the other two:
1. They need an auxiliary verb
I have to go I don't have to go Do I have to go?
She has to go She doesn't have to go Does she have to go?
2. They add the -s/-es ending when preceeded by HE, SHE or IT
She has to go He needs to go It has to happen
3. They are followed by an infinitive verb, as the Modal verbs do.
I need to go She needs to stay He doesn't have to say it......
You have to remember the rules for the Present Simple affirmative of the verb PLAY, for example.
The club isn't the _____________ place to find a lover
So the bar is ___________ I go
Me and my friends at the table doing shots
Drinking fast and then we talk slow
Come over and ______________ a conversation with just me
And trust me I'll give it a chance now
Take my hand, stop, put Van the Man on the jukebox
And then we start to dance, and now I'm singing like
Girl, you know I want your love
Your love was _________________ for somebody like me
Come on now, follow my lead
I may be crazy, don't mind me
Say, boy, let's not talk too much
Grab on my waist and put that body on me
Come on now, follow my lead
Come, come on now, follow my lead
I'm in love with the shape of you
We push and pull like a ____________ do
Although my heart is falling too
I'm in love with your body
And last night you were in my room
And now my ________________ smell like you
Every day discovering something _______________ new
I'm in love with your body
Oh—I—oh—I—oh—I—oh—I
I'm in love with your body
Every day discovering something ______________ new
I'm in love with the shape of you
One week in we let the story begin
We're going out on our first date
You and me are thrifty, so go all you can _____________
Fill up your bag and I fill up a _______________
We talk for hours and hours about the sweet and the sour
And how your family is doing okay
Leave and get in a taxi, then kiss in the backseat
Tell the driver make the radio play, and I'm singing like
Girl, you know I want your love
Your love was _______________ for somebody like me
Come on now, follow my lead
I may be crazy, don't mind me
Say, boy, let's not talk too much
Grab on my waist and put that body on me
Come on now, follow my lead
Come, come on now, follow my lead
I'm in love with the shape of you .............
Come on, be my baby, come on x 8
I'm in love with the shape of you..............
Come on, be my baby, come on
I'm in love with your body
Every day discovering something brand new
I'm in love with the shape of you
We are always trying to guess what would happen if this or that were true.... We use a lot of conditional sentences. If you want to discover how easy it is, just think about the possibility something has to happen in the real world:
the closer to the present time, the more possible If I study, I`ll pass all my final tests
the farther to the present time, the less possible If I had studied, I would have passed all my 2nd term tests
Now use an example of real people,
people you know If my mother asks me, I always answer the truth
people you don't have contact with
If I were Merkel's son , I would always be true to her
people who are dead If I had been Marylin, I would have never taken pills
Have you noticed that we use past tenses for not possible situations?
Are you aware that present tenses are used for possible situations?
What's odd in "I were"? Is it not " I was"? We use "were" in the second conditional for all the forms of the verb "to be"
Sometimes we change the structure of the sentences, ussually with interrogative sentences.
Would you have taken pills if you had been Marilyn Monroe?
in these cases we don't write any commas
Remember that IF+NOT= UNLESS. This word can be used with any of the conditional sentences
you have to review the most used verb tenses with conditionals
Do you want to practise what we have been talking about today?
here you have some more exercises to do at home as well as a clear Spanish explanation. But if you need more... try the "aula fácil" in "enlaces de interés"
